Known or virtually certain means more than just possible or probable. It means that either:. There is conclusive evidence that the event in question happened to your ball, such as when you or other witnesses saw it happen, or.
Loose impediment: Any unattached natural object such as:. Stones, loose grass, leaves, branches and sticks,. Worms, insects and similar animals that can be removed easily, and the mounds or webs they build such as worm casts and ant hills , and.
Clumps of compacted soil including aeration plugs. Solidly embedded in the ground that is, cannot be picked out easily , or. Movable obstruction: An obstruction that can be moved with reasonable effort and without damaging the obstruction or the course. Nearest point of complete relief: Your reference point for taking free relief from an abnormal course condition or wrong green.
It is the estimated point where your ball would lie that is:. Where the condition does not interfere with the stroke you would have made from the original spot if the condition was not there. Estimating this reference point requires you to identify the choice of club, stance, swing and line of play you would have used for that stroke. Obstruction see also immovable and movable obstruction : Any artificial object except integral objects and boundary objects.
Artificially surfaced roads and paths, including their artificial borders. Sprinkler heads, drains and irrigation or control boxes. Penalty Area: An area from which relief with a one-stroke penalty is allowed if your ball comes to rest there.
Stroke and distance: The procedure and penalty when you take relief by playing a ball from where your previous stroke was made. Teeing area: The area you must play from in starting the hole you are playing. The teeing area is a rectangle that is two club-lengths.
Temporary water: Any temporary accumulation of water on the surface of the ground such as puddles from rain or irrigation or an overflow from a body of water that is not in a penalty area, and can be seen before or after you take a stance without pressing down excessively with your feet. Wrong green: Any green on the course other than the putting green for the hole you are playing.
Wrong greens are part of the general area. Common relief situations when your ball is in the general area are as follows:. These movable natural and artificial objects are not treated as part of the challenge of playing the course, and you are normally allowed to remove them when they interfere with your play.
But you need to be careful in moving loose impediments near your ball off the putting green because you will get a penalty if moving them causes your ball to move. This applies whenever you are required or allowed to make your next stroke from where a previous stroke was made such as when taking stroke-and-distance relief for a lost ball or a ball that is out of bounds.
All players are expected to play in the spirit of the game by:. Acting with integrity — for example, by following the Rules, applying all penalties, and being honest in all aspects of play. Showing consideration to others — for example, by playing at a prompt pace, looking out for the safety of others, and not distracting the play of another player. Taking good care of the course — for example, by replacing divots, smoothing bunkers, repairing ball-marks, and not causing unnecessary damage to the course.
You are expected to recognise when you have breached a Rule and to be honest in applying your own penalties. Penalties are meant to cancel out any potential advantage. There are three main penalty levels:. One-Stroke Penalty: Applies in both match play and stroke play. General Penalty: Loss of hole in match play and a two-stroke penalty in stroke play. Disqualification: Applies both in match play and stroke play.
There are five areas of the course. The general area, which covers the entire course except for these four specific areas:. The teeing area of the hole you are playing Rule 6. The putting green of the hole you are playing Rule It is important to know the area of the course where your ball lies as this affects the Rules that apply in playing your ball or taking relief. When starting a hole, if you play a ball from outside the teeing area including from a wrong set of tee-markers on the same hole or a different hole :.
Match Play: There is no penalty and you play your ball as it lies, but your opponent may cancel the stroke in which case you must play again from inside the teeing area. Stroke Play: You get the general penalty two penalty strokes and must correct the mistake by playing a ball from inside the teeing area. The stroke from outside the teeing area and any more strokes made before the mistake is corrected do not count. If you do not correct the mistake, you are disqualified but in Stableford you receive no points for the hole rather than being disqualified.
You may fairly search for your ball by taking reasonable actions to find and identify it, such as moving or bending grass, bushes, tree branches and other growing or attached natural objects.
If taking such reasonable actions as part of a fair search improves the conditions affecting your stroke there is no penalty. But if the improvement results from actions that exceeded what was reasonable for a fair search, you get the general penalty. There is no penalty if your ball is accidentally moved by you, your opponent or anyone else while trying to find or identify it, but your ball must be replaced.
You may identify your ball by seeing it come to rest or seeing your identifying mark on the ball. If a ball might be yours but you cannot identify it as it lies, you may lift the ball to identify it.
But, the spot of the ball must first be marked, and the ball must not be cleaned more than needed to identify it except on the putting green. When your ball comes to rest, you normally have to accept the conditions affecting the stroke and not improve them before playing the ball.
The relief area where you will drop or place a ball. You must play your ball at rest on the course as it lies, except when the Rules require or allow you:.
To play a ball from another place on the course, or. To lift a ball and then replace it on its original spot. If your ball comes to rest and is then moved by natural forces such as wind or water, you must play it from its new spot.
But if your ball was on the putting green and it moved after being lifted and replaced, you replace it. If your ball at rest is lifted or moved by anyone or any outside influence before the stroke is made, your ball must be replaced on its original spot.
Your ball is in a bunker when any part of it touches sand on the ground inside the edge of the bunker. Your ball is also in a bunker if it is inside the edge of the bunker and rests in or on a loose impediment, movable obstruction, abnormal course condition or integral object in the bunker.
If your ball lies on soil or grass or other growing or attached natural objects inside the edge of the bunker without touching sand, your ball is not in the bunker. Before playing your ball in a bunker, you may remove loose impediments and movable obstructions. Before making a stroke at your ball in a bunker, you must not:.
Deliberately touch sand in the bunker with your hand, a club or rake or any other object to test the condition of the sand and learn information for your next stroke, or. In the area right in front of or right behind your ball except as allowed in fairly searching for your ball or in removing a loose impediment or movable obstruction ,.
Except as covered in the bullets above, the following actions are allowed:. Digging in with your feet to take a stance for a practice swing or the stroke,. Placing your clubs, equipment or other objects in the bunker whether by throwing or setting them down ,.
Measuring, marking, lifting, replacing or taking other actions under a Rule,. Leaning on a club to rest, stay balanced or prevent a fall, or. Common relief situations when your ball is in a bunker are as follows:. Your ball is on the putting green when any part of it:. Lies on or in anything such as a loose impediment or an obstruction and is inside the edge of the putting green. Your ball on the putting green may be lifted and cleaned. The spot of your ball must be marked before it is lifted and the ball must be replaced.
During a round, you may take these two actions on the putting green, no matter whether your ball is on or off the putting green:. Sand and loose soil on the putting green but not anywhere else on the course may be removed without penalty. You may repair damage on the putting green without penalty by taking reasonable actions to restore the putting green as nearly as possible to its original condition, but only:.
By using your hand, foot or other part of your body or a normal ball-mark repair tool, tee, club or similar item of normal equipment, and. This is a change from rules prior to , which allowed five minutes to search.
If a player does not find a ball after three minutes of searching, the ball is deemed lost. The player can then take a stroke and distance penalty by playing another ball from the location where the previous stroke was made. It's important to note that, unlike a ball that can be declared unplayable, a player cannot deem a ball to be lost by declaration. Once a player has made a stroke with another ball, including a penalty of stroke and distance, it doesn't matter if the original ball is found, as it is no longer in play.
A penalty may be assessed for picking up another player's ball, but it may not be in the way that one would expect. It is the responsibility of the ball's owner to replace his or her ball to its original spot before playing whenever he or she has knowledge or is certain that the ball has been moved. If a player does not do so, a penalty stroke is incurred.
Based on the rules of the game, players who belong in the same group in stroke play are actually outside influences on one another. There's no penalty if an outside influence moves a player's ball. Picking up another player's ball should not be confused with striking another player's ball, which will incur a two-stroke penalty upon the offending player.
Allowing the golf club to touch the ball or the ground during address is known as "grounding the club. Practice swings can be taken as long as the player does not allow the club to touch the ground, sand, or water. It is allowable for the top of the grass to be touched when taking a practice swing. Hazards include water hazards, such as ponds or lakes, and man-made hazards, such as bunkers.
Grounding the club in a hazard is not allowed. If a player does so, there is a two-stroke penalty. In match play, grounding the club in a hazard results in loss of the hole.
Interference occurs when a ball comes to rest on any person or outside influence, including another ball. When this accidentally occurs, there is no penalty to any player. The exception is if the ball is played on a putting green during stroke play. In that instance if a player's ball in motion strikes another ball already at rest on the putting green, and both balls were on the green before the stroke, the player whose ball was in motion gets a two-stroke penalty.
This also holds true if the ball strikes a bag or other object that then moves the other player's ball. When the ball is played off the green and strikes and move another ball, known as chipping, there is no penalty. Equipment violations include prohibited practices such as carrying too many clubs, using illegal balls, or using clubs that have been altered into an illegal design.
Equipment violations such as these usually result in a two-stroke penalty for every hole in which the illegal equipment was played or used. These include setting limits on the number of golf clubs a player can carry. Carrying too many clubs becomes a violation when there are more than 14 clubs in a player's bag, the upper allowable limit. It's important to note that lost or damaged clubs are normally not replaced during play.
In stroke play, the penalty is two strokes per hole for a maximum of two holes or a total of four shots. In match play, the penalty for carrying more than the allowable number of clubs is loss of the hole, with a maximum of two holes lost.
An illegal club is one that has been altered. If the club is bent during normal course of play, it can be taken to the shop for immediate repair and a replacement used until it is returned. If modified in some way outside the normal course of play, the club must be removed for the remainder of the match.
If a player attempts to use a modified club, the penalty is disqualification, whether stroke or match play. In addition to being bent, illegal clubs include those with a clubhead greater than cc, clubs with a concave face, clubs with shaft lengths over 48 inches, and clubs that have grips with waisting, bulges, or dissymmetry. Players incur two strokes for every hole of the round that the player uses an illegal club.
The USGA has set forth official guidelines specifying what is legal when it comes to using golf balls in competition. Every golf ball goes through intensive testing to evaluate color, material, striking distance, and manufacturer code.
Officially, a golf ball may not weigh more than 1. It must be spherically symmetrical and cannot exceed the USGA's sanctioned initial velocity limit. Illegal balls include improper size or weight, balls that float, balls that have dimples of the wrong size or depth, and "novelty" balls, such as those that explode or disintegrate. In the case of an illegal ball, the player adds two strokes for every hole during which the ball was in play.
Whether there is a penalty in golf for playing out of turn is dependent upon whether players are competing in match play or stroke play. There is no penalty for playing out of turn in strike play. However, in match play, a competitor has the option of making the other player re-do their shot in the correct order of play.
In stroke play, the penalty is two strokes for each hole on which the breach occurred, up to a maximum of four strokes. The penalty for signing scorecard that includes scores lower than actually recorded is a disqualification. There is no penalty for signing a scorecard that incorrectly inflates a player's score, but the higher score stands. There is no penalty for playing out of turn. Other than the scorn of other members of your group.
In match play, a competitor has the option of making you re-do your shot in the correct order of play. Grounding the club in a hazard is not allowed. Anyone who does it must assess themselves or have assessed a 2-stroke penalty or loss of hole in match play. The flagstick is in the hole, unattended, and your putt strikes it.
That's a 2-stroke penalty in stroke play ball subsequently played as it lies and loss of hole in match play. If your ball moves once you've taken your address , it's a 1-stroke penalty. The ball is replaced on its original spot. Players can remove loose impediments without penalty as long as the ball and the loose impediment are not both in a hazard.
Through the green, if the ball moves when any loose impediment within one club length of the ball is removed, it's a 1-stroke penalty. The ball is replaced at the original spot. If you find your ball in a water hazard , you can always try to play it without penalty. Otherwise, it's a stroke-plus-distance penalty.
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