Since Boo is shy and cannot venture out into the community, he chooses to befriend Jem and Scout by leaving them gifts in the knothole of the tree. What does Aunt Alexandra say to Atticus after the verdict? Miss Maudie reacts surprisingly well. Maudie is quite cheerful. She tells Scout that she did not like her house that much anyway.
Scout and Jem also learn that race relations in Maycomb or more complicated than they thought. During the trial , they meet Dolphus Raymond, who pretends to be drunk all of the time because he is living with a black woman and they have children. Maycomb tolerates him because he is from a wealthy family. Scout observes the malevolent nature of Bob Ewell, Mayella's loneliness, and Tom's honesty. Following the verdict, Scout witnesses racial injustice firsthand and loses her childhood innocence.
Following Tom's conviction, Scout becomes more aware of the prejudice and hypocrisy throughout her community. What did JEM do after he heard the verdict? Category: books and literature fiction. Jem is convinced that the jury will acquit Tom Robinson after the evidence Atticus presented. After the verdict , Jem leaves the courtroom stunned, angry, and crying. Atticus tells Jem not to be disheartened because he will appeal Tom's case, and they stand a much better chance of winning on appeal.
What was Scout's intuition telling her? Why is Jem upset when Tom is convicted? What is the verdict to kill a mockingbird? How does Atticus react to the verdict? Why does the verdict bother Jem so much? How did scout react to the verdict? What does the caterpillar symbolize in To Kill a Mockingbird? Jem is so angered by the injustice of Tom's case that he vows to somehow make a difference when he grows up.
Atticus' response allows Lee a nod to the modern civil rights movement: "'Don't fool yourselves — it's [white treatment of blacks] all adding up and one of these days we're going to pay the bill for it. In the community: Miss Stephanie is full of questions about why Scout, Jem, and Dill were sitting in the "Colored balcony. She assumes that the children wouldn't choose to sit with African Americans.
Jem is upset again by the community's seeming lack of compassion for Tom until Miss Maudie counsels him that many people in the community besides her and the Finches feel differently: "'Did it ever strike you that Judge Taylor naming Atticus to defend that boy was no accident? That Judge Taylor might have had his reasons for naming him? In the Finch family: Scout is astounded when Aunt Alexandra informs her that she can't invite Walter Cunningham to play at her house "'Because — he — is — trash'" and because "'Finch women aren't interested in that sort of people.
Importantly, Scout ultimately decides for herself that "'there's just one kind of folks. Lee also provides a unique perspective on the role of women in these chapters. Admittedly, Atticus is less concerned about women's "place" than any other character in the novel with the possible exception of Miss Maudie. So although he's somewhat bemused by Scout's reaction to the fact that women in Alabama can't serve on a jury, he's still forced to explain, "'I guess it's to protect our frail ladies from sordid cases like Tom's.
Hearing Atticus, who doesn't have preconceived notions about the way that women should behave, say something so silly is likely one source of Scout's laughter. Still, as much as she dislikes women's role in Maycomb society, she is ultimately willing to accept it.
Unlike her brother, Aunt Alexandra is so committed to her feminine duties that she makes woolen rugs, a very hot job, in the dead of summer. The work must be done, women must do it, and comfort doesn't matter. This woman is obsessed with turning Scout into a lady. Jem finally tells Scout that Aunt Alexandra's "'not used to girls,.
She's tryin' to make you a lady. Can't you take up sewin' or somethin'? Ironically, though, when the children fear for Atticus after Bob Ewell's threats, Jem entreats Scout to throw a tantrum reasoning "it might work if [she] cried and flung a bit, being young and a girl.
Calpurnia is a surrogate mother to Jem and Scout who teaches them about good manners, hard work, and honesty. As children, Dill and Scout pretend that they are engaged to be married. He visits Maycomb every summer, and as it becomes clearer that his own family is erratic and insecure, readers understand that the Finches and his Aunt Stephanie are, in fact, his true family.
He represents both childhood innocence and friendship. Although she is a mean, racist neighbor, Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose teaches the children a lesson in courage.
As Jem reads aloud to her every day for a month—a punishment for destroying her camellia bushes after she harshly criticizes Atticus—she weans herself from her morphine addiction by refusing her medicine for longer and longer each day. Dolphus Raymond, a white man who prefers the company of African Americans, uses a brown paper bag as a theatrical prop to act like a drunkard. He has mixed-race children and lives among the African American community as one of them.
During the trial, when Dill feels sick, Mr. Raymond explains to Scout and Dill that he pretends to be drunk all the time so that people can explain away his behavior. He admits that he even staggers sometimes to reinforce his charade.
The African American community feels angry and upset, but they cannot show it in public. Many racist white people feel that justice was done because a black man is always guilty, no matter what. Some white people are ashamed and sincerely saddened by the injustice done by the jury. Bob Ewell is satisfied because his lie worked, and Jem is furious and incredulous. As Jem and Scout walk home that night, two figures emerge from the shadows, each with their own intentions.
Atticus accepts the case out of personal integrity and a firm belief that the racist ways of the deep South will slowly but surely change over time. He sees this trial as an opportunity to help make that historic shift of attitude, even if it is just a small step. When he takes the case, Atticus assumes that they will lose the trial, but he believes they have an excellent chance in the appeal process.
The people of his community trust him to do the right thing, and he does. After the trial is over, Atticus feels discouraged by the outcome, but he is not beaten by it.
Mayella Ewell lies on the witness stand because she is afraid of her father, Bob Ewell, and because she is humiliated by her own attraction to Tom Robinson. She tells the jury that Tom beat and raped her when, in fact, it was her father who beat her when he saw her hugging and kissing an African American.
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