After the war began on September 1, , escape became much more difficult. Nazi Germany technically permitted emigration from the Reich until November However, there were few countries willing to accept Jewish refugees and wartime conditions hindered those trying to escape.
In —42, with the beginning of systematic shooting of Jews in the Soviet Union and the deportation of European Jews to killing centers , escape literally became a matter of life and death. Most non-Jews neither aided nor hindered the "Final Solution" and relatively few people helped Jews escape.
In addition, sympathetic non-Jews, motivated by opposition to Nazism, by moral and religious principles, or by human compassion, provided assistance to Jews at sometimes tremendous personal risk.
Between and nearly , Polish Jews, almost 10 percent of the Polish Jewish population, fled German-occupied areas of Poland and crossed into the Soviet zone. While Soviet authorities deported tens of thousands of Jews to Siberia, central Asia, and other remote areas in the interior of the Soviet Union, most of them managed to survive. After the German attack on the Soviet Union in June , more than a million Soviet Jews fled eastward into the Asian parts of the country, escaping almost certain death.
Despite the harsh conditions of the Soviet interior, those who escaped there constituted the largest group of European Jews to survive the Nazi onslaught.
Close to 30, Jews were admitted into Switzerland, although an estimated 20, were turned away at the Swiss border. Spain allowed almost 30, Jewish refugees to enter, primarily from to These refugees, mostly from France , were permitted to cross Spain on their way to Portugal.
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Thalassophobia is a fear of the ocean or other large bodies of water. Learn about causes, treatments, and coping strategies that can help. Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder. It can cause intense fear in situations where escape may be difficult or help hard to access. Learn about…. What's to know about claustrophobia? Medically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, Ph. What is claustrophobia? Diagnosis Symptoms Treatment Causes We include products we think are useful for our readers. Share on Pinterest Claustrophobia is the fear of a closed-in place from which escape would be difficult or impossible.
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Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something a There's no sure way to prevent agoraphobia. However, anxiety tends to increase the more you avoid situations that you fear. If you start to have mild fears about going places that are safe, try to practice going to those places over and over again before your fear becomes overwhelming.
If this is too hard to do on your own, ask a family member or friend to go with you, or seek professional help. If you experience anxiety going places or have panic attacks, get treatment as soon as possible. Get help early to keep symptoms from getting worse. Anxiety, like many other mental health conditions, can be harder to treat if you wait.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Agoraphobia ag-uh-ruh-FOE-be-uh is a type of anxiety disorder in which you fear and avoid places or situations that might cause you to panic and make you feel trapped, helpless or embarrassed.
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